Published in print: 20 January 2001, Published online: 2001; updated, 31 January 2014
(b Tampere, Jan 27, 1930; d Tampere, Nov 12, 2004). Finnish composer. He studied at the Sibelius Academy in Helsinki (1951–6), taking diplomas in conducting with Funtek and composition with Merikanto; he also studied with Krenek in Darmstadt (1956), and in 1958 learnt 12-note technique from Vogel in Ascona.
Studies in music and other writings 